Development of New Photovoltaic Devices Based on Perovskite Cells and Application in Electric Power Systems

Abstract

For the first time, we proposed the concept of interface engineering for obtaining high efficient and stable third generation solar cells based on nanotechnology techniques and test this cells in real electrical applications like unit commitment, grid connected PV units and water pumping system based on solar energy. Doping technique was also used in order to obtain efficient third generation solar cells. As a result, PSCs with PCE higher than 18% owing to high open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.1 V, high current density (Jsc) of 23.15 mA·cm−2 , and a high fill factor (FF) of 73% were obtained. Three electrical models of PSCs called single, double and triple diode models has been proposed for two PSCs devices. Estimation and extracting the PSC models parameters are carried out using the elephant herd optimization algorithm (EHO). To prove the capability of the proposed estimation procedure, a comparison study between the proposed EHO with crow search optimization and differential evolution algorithms has been employed. Finally an efficient and low cost photovoltaic pumping system based on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is proposed. The fabrication process of PSCs and its application as a power source for powering a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) to drive a water pump for irrigation purpose are presented. The total area used for installing the perovskite solar array was 3.42 m2 , which is very small in comparison with the area of silicon solar array that exceeds 36 m2 for the same case. This will help to avoid the partial shading condition that reduces the efficiency of PV system. In addition, a simple control algorithm is based on perturbation and observation (P&O) proposed to derive both the PV array and SynRM to work at the maximum output power resulting in a low cost and efficient system. A proposed control system applied to the conventional voltage source inverter to drive the system in an efficient way