Differential Gene Expression Analysis of RNA-Seq Data: Comparing Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Healthy Lung Cells in Homo sapiens

Abstract

Differential gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq is a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with disease. This thesis focuses on differential expression analysis of RNA-Seq data from human squamous cell lung carcinoma and normal lung tissue. The RNA-seq analysis started by selecting and downloading samples from an online database, followed by quality control, trimming reads and aligning them to the human genome. After counting and normalizing the aligned reads, differential expression analysis was performed to identify up- and down-regulated genes in cancer. The results were presented in graphs followed by enrichment analysis to reveal important molecular functions and pathways. Our analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression between cancer and normal cells. The findings contribute to our understanding of squamous cell lung carcinoma and highlight potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.